![]() ![]() Tor was first created by the United States Naval Research Laboratory almost 20 years ago. “Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) use Tor to allow their workers to connect to their home website while they're in a foreign country, without notifying everybody nearby that they're working with that organization.” “Journalists use Tor to communicate more safely with whistleblowers and dissidents,” Tor’s website explains. Tor is often used in countries where access is limited due to censorship or other restraints, and thus functions as a vessel for users to reach otherwise blocked content. In this way, Tor users will become even more secure the more people use the software. The many relays around the world help users remain anonymous. “Anonymity is strengthened by its numbers.” Under the condition of characteristic anonymity, a Tor core developer came to speak at McGill’s Cultural Industries (COMS: 541) class during Fall 2016. ![]() By sending communications around a distributed network of servers run by volunteers around the world, Tor helps reduce the risk of traffic analysis. Without the full information, each relay knows only where data packets have come from or where they are going, and the user’s Internet protocol (IP) address is never revealed to any website. Tor builds circuits of encrypted connections by using many connected relays on a network, such that no single connection can be used to pinpoint a user’s location. “The idea is similar to using a twisty, hard-to-follow route in order to throw off somebody who is tailing you-and then periodically erasing your footprints,” Tor’s website explains. Tor works by creating a distributed, anonymous network. By defending against traffic analysis-a type of Internet surveillance-Tor aims to protect its users’ privacy and anonymity on the web. Commonly known as the “onion router,” Tor Project is a free software that allows users to browse the Internet anonymously. ![]()
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